QUICK AND DIRTY =============== cd gunzip -c unpv12e.tar.gz | tar -xvf - cd unpv12e ./configure # try to figure out all implementation differences cd lib # build the basic library that all programs need make # use "gmake" everywhere on BSD/OS systems cd ../libfree # continue building the basic library make cd ../libgai # the getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo() functions make cd ../libroute # only if your system supports 4.4BSD style routing sockets make # only if your system supports 4.4BSD style routing sockets cd ../libxti # only if your system supports XTI make # only if your system supports XTI cd ../intro # build and test a basic client program make daytimetcpcli ./daytimetcpcli 127.0.0.1 If all that works, you're all set to start compiling individual programs. Notice that all the source code assumes tabs every 4 columns, not 8. MORE DETAILS ============ 0. To extract the source directories from the unpv12e.tar.gz tar file, execute: cd gunzip -c unpv12e.tar.gz | tar -xvf - This creates a directory named unpv12e/ containing about 40 other directories. The names of these 40 other directories are what appears in the horizontal rules that start and end each source code listing in the book. For example, the file unpv12e/intro/daytimetcpcli.c corresponds to the source code in Figure 1.5 (Page 6) of the book. 1. There is a "unp.h" header that appears in every one of the 40 directories. If you need to make any changes to this "unp.h" header, notice that it is a hard link in each directory, so you only need to change it once. Hard links are also used with the other "unp*.h" headers. 2. I used the GNU autoconf package to generate a shell script named "configure" that you must execute. This script will try and figure out lots of characteristics of your system. This script builds two important files "Make.defines" and "config.h". Each "Makefile" in each of the 40 directories includes "Make.defines", and the first #include done by "unp.h" is of "config.h". These two files *must* be set correctly for your system, or you will not be able to build the source code. 3. Go into the "lib/" directory and type "make". This builds the library "libunp.a" that is required by almost all of the programs. There may be compiler warnings (see NOTES below). Go into the "libfree/" directory and type "make". This adds to the "libunp.a" library. Similarly go into the "libgai", "libroute" and "libxti" directories and "make". The "libroute" directory should only be used if your system supports 4.4BSD-style routing sockets. The "libxti" directory should only be used if your system supports XTI (not TLI). 4. Once the library is made, you can then go into any of the source code directories and make whatever program you are interested in. A good starting poing is the "intro" directory and "make daytimetcpcli". NOTES ===== - I have run most of the programs on the following Unix systems: alpha-dec-osf3.2 alpha-dec-osf4.0 hppa1.1-hp-hpux10.30 i386-pc-bsdi3.0 i386-univel-sysv4.2MP (UnixWare 2.1.2) i586-pc-linux-gnu (RedHat Linux 4.2) powerpc-ibm-aix4.2.0.0 sparc-sun-solaris2.5.1 sparc-sun-solaris2.6 sparc-sun-sunos4.1.4 These are the names used by the autoconf system to identify the hardware, vendor, and operating system. The code should port quite easily to other Unix systems, but I do *NOT* have time to help everyone port the code to different environments. Please do *NOT* send me email with your "make" output asking me to tell you what to do. - BEWARE: Not all programs in each directory will compile on all systems (e.g., the file unpv12erc/advio/recvfromflags.c will not compile unless your system supports the IP_RECVDSTADDR socket option). Also, not all files in each directory are included in the book. Beware of any files with "test" in the filename: they are probably a quick test program that I wrote to check something, and may or may not work. - You may find comments of the form "/* begin FOO */" followed later by a "/* end FOO */". These delineate pieces of source code for the loom program that includes the source code in the book. Ignore these. Similarly you will encounter comments that begin with "4" or "8". These are used to move the comment to the right by that number of spaces, getting around the GNU indent program. Ignore these. - I have included the "sock" program that was introduced with "TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1" and also used in this Volume of UNP. It is in the "sock/" directory. The code compiles and works, but has never been cleaned up. - Many systems do not have correct function prototypes for the socket functions, and this can cause many warnings during compilation. For example, Solaris 2.5 omits the "const" from the 2nd argument to connect(). Lots of systems use "int" for the length of socket address structures, while Posix.1g specifies "socklen_t". Lots of systems still have the pointer argument to [sg]etsockopt() as a "char *" instead of a "void *", and this also causes warnings. - SunOS 4.1.x: If you are using Sun's acc compiler, you need to run the configure program as CC=acc CFLAGS=-w CPPFLAGS=-w ./configure Failure to do this results in numerous system headers () not being found during configuration, causing compile errors later. - If your system supports IPv6 and you want to run the examples in the book using hostnames, you must install the latest BIND release. You can get it from ftp://ftp.vix.com/pub/bind/release. All you need from this release is a resolver library that you should then add to the LDLIBS and LDLIBS_THREADS lines. - IPv6 support is still in its infancy. There may be differences between the IPv6 sockets API specifications and what the vendor provides. This *WILL* require hand tweaking, but should get better over time. - If your system supports an older draft of the Posix pthreads standard, but configure detects the support of pthreads, you will have to disable this by hand. Digital Unix V3.2C has this problem, for example, as it supports draft 4, not the final draft. AIX 4.2 supports draft 7, not the final standard. To fix this, remove wrappthread.o from LIB_OBJS in "Make.defines" and don't try to build and run any of the threads programs. COMMON DIFFERENCES ================== These are the common differences that I see in various headers that are not "yet" at the level of Posix.1g or X/Open XNS Issue 5. - getsockopt() and setsockopt(): 5th argument is not correct type. - t_bind(): second argument is missing "const". - t_connect(): second argument is missing "const". - t_open(): first argument is missing "const". - t_optmsmg(): second argument is missing "const". - If your defines the members of the t_opthdr{} as longs, instead of t_uscalar_t, some of the printf formats of these value might generate warnings from your compiler, since you are printing a long without a corresponding long format specifier.